**What Year Did Hawaii Tourism Start: A Comprehensive Guide**

Hawaii’s allure as a dream destination is undeniable. If you are thinking about the beautiful islands and how they became so popular, you may be wondering: What Year Did Hawaii Tourism Start? SIXT.VN is here to take you on a journey through time, exploring the rich history of Hawaii tourism and revealing the key moments that shaped its evolution into the vibrant industry it is today, also offer seamless travel experiences in Vietnam, mirroring the aloha spirit with exceptional service and local expertise. Prepare to uncover the captivating story of how Hawaii became a global paradise, complete with expert insights and insider tips for your next adventure.

1. The Genesis of Hawaii Tourism: 1902 and W.C. Weedon’s Vision

Hawaii tourism’s roots can be traced back to 1902, marking the year when organized efforts to promote the islands as a tourist destination officially commenced.
In 1902, W.C. Weedon, with his insightful vision, took the initiative to persuade Honolulu businessmen to invest in advertising Hawaii, then a territory, to the mainland United States. His proposal involved a series of lecture tours accompanied by a “magic lantern” show, which would showcase tinted scenes of Hawaii. These shows were designed to captivate audiences with Hawaii’s beauty and culture. Weedon’s endeavor was a pioneering step towards establishing Hawaii as a sought-after destination.

1.1. Overcoming Initial Obstacles: Planters’ Reluctance

The early stages of promoting Hawaii were met with some reluctance, particularly from influential sugar planters. Despite their initial hesitation, the Chamber of Commerce and the Merchants Association played a crucial role in laying the foundation for tourism promotion. Their involvement signaled a shift towards recognizing the potential economic benefits of attracting visitors to the islands.

1.2. Weedon’s Promotional Tools: Stereopticon and Tinted Scenes

Armed with a stereopticon and tinted scenes, Weedon embarked on his journey to San Francisco, aiming to present an authentic portrayal of Hawaii’s remarkable people and stunning landscapes. His presentations were intended to entice travelers to experience the unique charm of Hawaii.

2. Early Tourism Initiatives and the Moana Hotel’s Debut in 1901

While 1902 marks the official start of tourism promotion, earlier initiatives paved the way for the industry’s growth. In 1892, the Hawaii Bureau of Information made a pioneering effort to promote tourism, setting the stage for future endeavors.
The late 19th and early 20th centuries witnessed a tourism boom, drawing adventurous travelers to the islands after Hawaii became a territory. This period saw the rise of hotels, including the iconic Moana Hotel, which opened in 1901 in Waikiki, marking a significant milestone in the development of tourist infrastructure.

2.1. The Bubonic Plague Setback: 1899-1900

The burgeoning tourism industry faced a setback when Honolulu was struck by the bubonic plague between 1899 and 1900. The outbreak led to a decline in visitor arrivals, highlighting the vulnerability of tourism to public health crises.

2.2. Competition from Los Angeles: The Drive to Attract Visitors

In 1902, Los Angeles anticipated a surge in tourist arrivals, intensifying the competition for visitors. To counteract this, Hawaii aimed to persuade California tourists to extend their trips and include the Hawaiian Islands in their itineraries.

3. Literary Influence and the Call for Promotional Material

The writings of literary giants like Mark Twain and Robert Louis Stevenson played a pivotal role in shaping perceptions of Hawaii and fueling interest in the islands. Weedon’s lectures drew large crowds on the West Coast, prompting him to request promotional material that highlighted the advantages of visiting Hawaii for rest and leisure.

3.1. Merchants Association’s Proposal: A Permanent Tourism Bureau

Recognizing the need for sustained promotional efforts, the Merchants Association proposed the establishment of a permanent tourism promotion bureau in July 1902. This marked a significant step towards formalizing and institutionalizing tourism promotion in Hawaii.

3.2. Securing Funding: Tonnage Tax Allocation

In 1903, a funding source was secured through a share of the voluntary tonnage tax levied by shippers after the plague. Initially intended for rat-proofing the docks, the tax revenue was later used to create a public health emergency fund and promote business, including tourism.

4. The Hawaii Promotion Committee and Early Advertising Efforts

The Territorial Legislature’s approval of $15,000 for the Hawaii Promotion Committee in 1903 marked a turning point in the formalization of tourism promotion. This funding enabled the committee to launch advertising campaigns that showcased Hawaii’s allure and attracted visitors from afar.
With the establishment of the Hawaii Promotion Committee, the Alexander Young Hotel in downtown Honolulu became home to the new tourism office, managed by Edward Boyd. The office played a crucial role in disseminating information and attracting visitors.
Early advertising efforts promised perpetual spring and romance, captivating audiences and enticing them to experience Hawaii’s paradise. These campaigns successfully attracted around 2,000 visitors to the islands.

4.1. Early Tourist Guides: “Honolulu–What to See and How to See It”

Promotional materials like the “Honolulu–What to See and How to See It” guide provided visitors with valuable information on attractions and transportation. These guides, distributed through steamship and railway agencies, aimed to enhance the visitor experience.

4.2. Mark Twain’s Endorsement: A Lasting Impact

A quote from Mark Twain, describing Hawaii as the loveliest fleet of islands, became a recurring theme in promotional campaigns. Twain’s words resonated with audiences and solidified Hawaii’s image as a captivating destination.

5. Growth and Evolution: The Hawaii Tourist Bureau and Beyond

Over the decades, promotional efforts expanded, leading to an increase in tourist arrivals. The tourism promotion agency underwent a name change, becoming the Hawaii Tourist Bureau in 1919, and appointed George Armitage as its executive secretary in 1920.

5.1. Counting Visitors: Tracking Tourism’s Impact

In 1921, the bureau began tracking visitor numbers, recording 8,000 arrivals, and assessing the number of rooms available. This marked an effort to quantify the impact of tourism on the local economy.

5.2. Representing the Islands: A Diverse Bureau Membership

The governor appointed four members to the bureau, representing all the major islands, and the agency’s budget significantly increased to $100,000 in 1922. This expansion reflected a commitment to promoting tourism across the entire archipelago.

6. Community Events and Entertainment: Shaping the Tourist Experience

Colorful community events, often centered around flowers and parades, were organized to entertain visitors. Entertainment flourished with the emergence of hapa-haole music, performed with ukulele and steel guitar, and the birth of the tourist hula show, adding to the cultural appeal of Hawaii.

6.1. The Hula Controversy: Tradition vs. Tourism

The tourist hula show sparked controversy, as missionary families considered the dance immoral, while tourists embraced its cultural significance. This tension highlighted the challenges of balancing tradition with the demands of tourism.

6.2. “Hawaii Calls”: A Radio Program’s Enduring Legacy

Launched in 1935, the radio program “Hawaii Calls” became a long-lasting promotional success. Hosted by Webley Edwards, the show broadcast Hawaiian music and stories to audiences across the Mainland, Canada, and Australia, fostering a desire to visit the islands.

7. The Impact of World War II and Post-War Revival

The outbreak of World War II in 1941 brought an abrupt halt to tourism in Hawaii, disrupting the industry’s growth. However, in 1944, the Chamber of Commerce initiated efforts to revive tourism by establishing a Hawaii Travel Bureau, which aimed to create a positive impression among servicemen.

7.1. The Hawaii Visitors Bureau: A New Era Begins

In 1945, the Hawaii Visitors Bureau was launched, marking the beginning of a new era in Hawaii tourism promotion. Major Mark Egan was appointed secretary, signaling a renewed commitment to attracting visitors.

7.2. Aloha Week: Boosting Fall Tourism

To stimulate tourism during the slow fall season, a group of businessmen borrowed $20,000 and launched Aloha Week in 1947. This event became a popular annual celebration of Hawaiian culture, drawing visitors and locals alike.

8. The Return of the Lurline and the Dawn of Air Travel

The return of the ocean liner Lurline to passenger service in 1948 marked a significant milestone in the revival of tourism. With a grand welcome and a naval escort, the Lurline reclaimed its status as the “glamour girl of the Pacific.”
In the same year, American President Lines resumed Pacific routes, and scheduled air service to Hawaii was inaugurated, signaling the beginning of a new era of accessibility.

8.1. The Maritime Strike of 1949: A Setback and Legislative Support

A maritime strike in 1949 halved visitor arrivals to 25,000, prompting the Legislature to match private contributions to the tourism promotion budget. This financial support underscored the importance of tourism to the local economy.

8.2. Million-Dollar Proposition: Advertising and Visitor Amenities

The million-dollar investment over two years facilitated advertising campaigns, the continuation of “Hawaii Calls,” special displays, Mainland offices, movies, publicity, literature, guides, warrior markers, music, hula performances, and a flower lei for every visitor, enhancing the overall experience.

9. Special Greetings and Promotional Figures: The HVB Poster Girls

Special visitors received personalized greetings, such as the Lurline’s steamship-sized lei in 1948 and actor Joe E. Brown’s lei of carrots in 1950. These gestures added a touch of Hawaiian hospitality to the visitor experience.
In 1953, the HVB held a contest to select its first official Poster Girl, with hula dancer Mae Beimes winning the honor. Her image, along with those of subsequent Poster Girls, adorned promotional materials and became synonymous with Hawaii tourism.

9.1. Representing Hawaii: The HVB Poster Girls

Mae Beimes, Beverly Rivera Noa, Rose Marie Alvaro, Liz Logue, Tracy Monsarrat, and Zoe Ann Roach served as Hawaii’s ambassadors, representing the islands to the world through their images and appearances.

10. Statehood and the Jet Age: Tourism Explodes

Hawaii’s statehood in 1959 coincided with the arrival of the first jet service to Honolulu, leading to an unprecedented surge in tourism. Waikiki experienced rapid development, and the sheer volume of visitors made personalized greetings challenging.

10.1. Hitting the Road: Promoting Hawaii Globally

The HVB adapted to the changing landscape by sending Hawaiian entertainers and promotion experts around the world to spread the word about the islands. These efforts aimed to maintain Hawaii’s appeal amidst increasing competition.

11. Evolution of the Hawaii Visitors Bureau: Adapting to Change

In 1961, the HVB began operating under contract to the State Department of Planning and Economic Development, reflecting a shift in funding priorities. Government funding increased, while private contributions decreased, leading to a new funding model.

11.1. Promoting Tourism’s Benefits: Advertising at Home

For the first time, advertisements circulated within Hawaii, emphasizing the benefits of tourism to the local community. This aimed to garner support for the industry among residents.

11.2. Sharing Expertise: Guiding Other Nations

The HVB shared its expertise with other Pacific Rim nations, including Australia, Canada, Tahiti, Fiji, Samoa, Taiwan, Korea, and Alaska, advising them on how to establish their own tourism bureaus.

12. Diversification and Expansion: Meetings, Conventions, and Visitor Services

The HVB expanded its scope to include a Meetings & Conventions department, catering to business travelers, and a Visitor Services department, enhancing the overall visitor experience.

12.1. Coping with Success: Managing Growth

Throughout the 1960s, 70s, and 80s, Hawaii coped with the challenges of managing the millions of tourists who visited the islands each year. The HVB played a crucial role in addressing these challenges.

12.2. Reaching New Heights: Tourism in 1990

By 1990, the annual tourism total reached nearly seven million people, underscoring Hawaii’s popularity as a global destination.

13. 1991: A Breakpoint Year for Hawaii’s Visitor Industry

The year 1991 marked a turning point for Hawaii’s visitor industry, as the Gulf War led to increased fuel prices, rerouted flights, and decreased lift capacity to the islands. Coupled with economic downturns and concerns about terrorism, visitor arrivals decreased through 1994.

13.1. Shifting to a Business Model: Public/Private Partnerships

During 1995 and 1996, the HVB shifted from a community/government model to a business model that emphasized public/private partnerships. This transition aimed to make the organization leaner, more flexible, and proactive.

13.2. Stagnant U.S. Mainland Market: Seeking Growth

While the Japanese market experienced steady growth, the U.S. Mainland market remained relatively stagnant, highlighting the need for targeted marketing efforts.

14. The Hawaii Visitors and Convention Bureau: A New Focus

In July 1996, the organization officially changed its name to the Hawaii Visitors and Convention Bureau, reflecting a renewed emphasis on business travel and the marketing of the state-of-the-art Hawaii Convention Center.

14.1. The Hawaii Convention Center: A Significant Investment

The $350 million Hawaii Convention Center, which opened in June 1998, represented the first significant tourism-related construction in over five years, signaling a commitment to attracting business travelers.

14.2. Evolving Advertising Programs: Showcasing Diversity

Advertising programs evolved to showcase Hawaii’s diversity, Hawaiian culture, history, and the wide range of sports, activities, and cuisine. This aimed to appeal to a broader base of travelers seeking authentic experiences.

15. Unsurpassed Natural Beauty and the Spirit of Aloha: Enduring Appeal

Despite increasing competition, Hawaii remained a highly desired destination, thanks to its natural beauty, pristine environment, and the spirit of aloha. These qualities continued to attract visitors from around the world.

15.1. The Economic Revitalization Task Force: Stimulating Change

In 1997, recognizing the need for structural changes, the Governor convened the Economic Revitalization Task Force, comprising community, government, counties, and businesses.

15.2. The Hawaii Tourism Authority: A Strategic Vision

The 1998 Legislature passed a special Tourism Bill, establishing the Hawaii Tourism Authority (HTA) with dedicated funding. The HTA’s purpose was to create a strategic vision for tourism and implement initiatives for sustainable, social, and economic benefits.

16. Embracing the New Economy: Challenges and Opportunities

By 1999, with dedicated funding in place, the HVCB was ready to embrace the challenges and opportunities of the “new economy.” Its mission was to create sustainable, diversified, global, leisure, and business travel demand for all the Islands of Aloha.

16.1. Showcasing Diversity and Aloha: A Singular Goal

The Bureau’s goal was to showcase and celebrate Hawaii’s diversity and aloha to the world, encouraging people to rejuvenate their senses and spirit in Hawaii, and to return again and again.

16.2. A Vanguard Organization: Setting a New Gold Standard

The HVCB aimed to be a vanguard organization, setting a new ‘Gold Standard’ for destination marketing, with Hawaii as its primary product.

17. Modern Tourism in Hawaii: Balancing Growth and Sustainability

Today, Hawaii’s tourism industry continues to thrive, attracting millions of visitors each year. However, there is a growing emphasis on balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability and cultural preservation.

17.1. Responsible Tourism Practices: Protecting the Environment

Efforts are being made to promote responsible tourism practices, such as reducing waste, conserving water, and protecting natural habitats. These initiatives aim to minimize the environmental impact of tourism.

17.2. Cultural Preservation: Honoring Hawaiian Traditions

Cultural preservation efforts are focused on perpetuating Hawaiian traditions, language, and arts. This ensures that visitors can experience the authentic culture of the islands.

18. SIXT.VN: Your Gateway to Unforgettable Travel Experiences

Just as Hawaii has evolved its tourism industry, SIXT.VN is dedicated to providing seamless and unforgettable travel experiences. Whether you’re planning a trip to Vietnam or dreaming of a Hawaiian getaway, we’re here to help you every step of the way.

18.1. Tailored Travel Solutions: Meeting Your Needs

We understand that every traveler is unique, which is why we offer tailored travel solutions to meet your specific needs and preferences. From airport transfers to hotel bookings and guided tours, we’ve got you covered.

18.2. Expert Local Knowledge: Discovering Hidden Gems

Our team of local experts is passionate about sharing their knowledge and helping you discover hidden gems and authentic experiences. We’ll provide you with insider tips and recommendations to make your trip truly special.

18.3. Commitment to Sustainability: Responsible Travel

We are committed to promoting sustainable tourism practices and minimizing our environmental impact. We encourage our travelers to support local businesses, respect cultural traditions, and protect the natural environment.

19. Planning Your Next Adventure: Tips and Recommendations

Whether you’re planning a trip to Vietnam or Hawaii, here are some tips and recommendations to help you make the most of your adventure:

19.1. Research and Plan Ahead: Maximize Your Time

Take the time to research your destination and plan your itinerary in advance. This will help you maximize your time and ensure that you don’t miss any must-see attractions.

19.2. Embrace Local Culture: Immerse Yourself

Immerse yourself in the local culture by trying traditional foods, attending cultural events, and learning a few basic phrases in the local language.

19.3. Pack Appropriately: Be Prepared

Pack appropriate clothing and gear for your destination, taking into account the climate and activities you plan to participate in.

20. Conclusion: A Legacy of Aloha and Adventure

The history of Hawaii tourism is a testament to the islands’ enduring appeal and the spirit of aloha. From its humble beginnings in 1902 to its status as a global destination, Hawaii has captivated visitors with its natural beauty, rich culture, and warm hospitality. As you plan your next adventure, remember the legacy of aloha and the importance of responsible tourism. And with SIXT.VN, you can experience the same spirit of aloha in Vietnam, with seamless travel solutions and expert local knowledge.

20.1. Contact SIXT.VN Today: Start Your Journey

Ready to start planning your next adventure? Contact SIXT.VN today to learn more about our tailored travel solutions and expert services. Let us help you create an unforgettable travel experience.

Address: 260 Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam

Hotline/Whatsapp: +84 986 244 358

Website: SIXT.VN

FAQ: Unveiling the History of Hawaii Tourism

FAQ 1: What Year Did Hawaii Tourism Officially Start?

Hawaii tourism officially started in 1902 when W.C. Weedon convinced Honolulu businessmen to invest in promoting the islands as a tourist destination. This marked the beginning of organized efforts to attract visitors to Hawaii.

FAQ 2: Who Was W.C. Weedon and What Was His Role?

W.C. Weedon was a visionary who played a crucial role in initiating Hawaii tourism. In 1902, he persuaded Honolulu businessmen to invest in advertising Hawaii to the mainland United States through lecture tours and “magic lantern” shows.

FAQ 3: What Were the Early Obstacles Faced by Hawaii Tourism?

Early obstacles included reluctance from powerful sugar planters and a bubonic plague outbreak in Honolulu between 1899 and 1900, which led to a decline in visitor arrivals. Competition from other destinations like Los Angeles also posed a challenge.

FAQ 4: How Did Literature Influence Hawaii Tourism?

The writings of authors like Mark Twain and Robert Louis Stevenson played a pivotal role in shaping perceptions of Hawaii and fueling interest in the islands, contributing to the growth of tourism.

FAQ 5: When Was the Hawaii Tourist Bureau Established?

The Hawaii Tourist Bureau was established in 1919, marking a significant step in the formalization and expansion of tourism promotion efforts in Hawaii.

FAQ 6: What Was the Impact of World War II on Hawaii Tourism?

World War II brought an abrupt halt to tourism in Hawaii in 1941. However, after the war, efforts were made to revive the industry, leading to the launch of the Hawaii Visitors Bureau in 1945.

FAQ 7: How Did the Arrival of Jet Service Impact Hawaii Tourism?

The arrival of the first jet service to Honolulu in 1959, coinciding with Hawaii’s statehood, led to an unprecedented surge in tourism, transforming the islands into a global destination.

FAQ 8: What Is the Significance of Aloha Week in Hawaii Tourism History?

Aloha Week was launched in 1947 to boost tourism during the slow fall season. It became a popular annual celebration of Hawaiian culture, drawing visitors and locals alike and contributing to the industry’s growth.

FAQ 9: How Did the Hawaii Visitors Bureau Evolve Over Time?

The Hawaii Visitors Bureau evolved from a community/government model to a business model emphasizing public/private partnerships. It diversified to include meetings and conventions departments and adapted to changing market conditions.

FAQ 10: What Is the Current Focus of Hawaii Tourism?

The current focus of Hawaii tourism is on balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability and cultural preservation. Efforts are being made to promote responsible tourism practices and protect the islands’ unique heritage.