What Is The Story Behind The Name “Ma Phuc” (Kneeling Horse)?

Ma Phuc Pass, a breathtaking mountain pass in Cao Bang, Vietnam, has a story as captivating as its stunning landscapes. SIXT.VN is here to help you uncover the secrets of this iconic location, making your Vietnam travel experience seamless and unforgettable with our comprehensive services. Discover the legend behind the pass, and let us handle the logistics of your journey with our reliable airport transfer, diverse hotel options, convenient sightseeing tickets, affordable flight bookings, and expertly guided Hanoi tours.

1. Unveiling the Legend: What Does “Ma Phuc” Mean?

The name “Ma Phuc” translates to “kneeling horse” in Vietnamese, a name steeped in local legend and history. According to oral tradition, the name originates from an 11th-century tale involving a Nung leader named Nung Tri Cao.

The Legend of Nung Tri Cao

In the 11th century, Nung Tri Cao, a respected leader of the Nung ethnic group, led his people in a courageous defense against the invading Song army from the north. He was known for his strategic brilliance and unwavering determination to protect his homeland.

The Crippled Horse and the Pass

One day, while returning from a patrol along the border in what is now Quoc Toan commune, Quang Hoa district, Nung Tri Cao encountered a formidable obstacle: a high, winding, and incredibly steep mountain pass. The terrain was treacherous, and as he ascended, his horse, exhausted and strained, could no longer continue. The horse knelt down, unable to proceed further.

The Naming of Ma Phuc Pass

Deeply moved by his loyal companion’s struggle, Nung Tri Cao named the mountain “An Lai,” meaning “to stop,” in honor of the place where his horse had to halt. The pass itself was named “Ma Phuc,” which literally translates to “kneeling horse,” a poignant reminder of the animal’s sacrifice and the challenges faced by those who traversed the rugged terrain.

Historical Significance

This legend not only gives the pass its name but also connects it to a significant historical period in Vietnam’s struggle for independence. Nung Tri Cao’s resistance against the Song dynasty is a source of local pride, and the name “Ma Phuc” serves as a symbol of resilience and determination.

1.1. How Does This Legend Enhance the Tourist Experience?

Knowing the story behind the name “Ma Phuc” adds depth and meaning to the visitor’s experience. It transforms a scenic drive into a journey through history, connecting travelers to the local culture and heritage. Tourists are not just passing through a beautiful landscape; they are retracing the steps of a legendary figure and understanding the spirit of the region.

1.2. What Cultural Significance Does Ma Phuc Pass Hold?

Ma Phuc Pass is more than just a scenic spot; it’s a place of intangible heritage, embodying the resilience and historical significance of the Nung people. The legend is a testament to their fight for independence and the cultural richness of the region.

1.3. Why Is Ma Phuc Pass Considered One of Cao Bang’s Most Beautiful Passes?

Ma Phuc Pass is renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty, characterized by:

• Dramatic Scenery: The pass winds through towering limestone mountain ranges, offering panoramic views of the surrounding valleys.
• Geological Wonders: It features unique geological formations, including pillow basalt from ancient submarine volcanoes.
• Seven-Step Structure: The pass has seven distinct steps, each providing a different perspective on the stunning landscape.

Alt: The winding road of Ma Phuc Pass, revealing its stunning seven-step structure and beautiful mountain scenery in Cao Bang, Vietnam.

2. Exploring the Geology: What are Pillow Basalts?

Ma Phuc Pass is not only rich in cultural history but also boasts unique geological features. The most notable of these are the pillow basalts, which tell a story of ancient volcanic activity.

Formation of Pillow Basalts

Pillow basalts are formed when lava erupts underwater. The rapid cooling of the lava in contact with the water creates rounded, pillow-shaped structures. These structures are a testament to the volcanic activity that occurred in the region millions of years ago.

Significance of Pillow Basalts at Ma Phuc Pass

The presence of pillow basalts at Ma Phuc Pass indicates that the area was once submerged under the sea. Around 260 million years ago, submarine volcanoes were active here, erupting lava that cooled quickly to form these distinctive pillow shapes.

Characteristics of Pillow Basalts

• Shape: Rounded, pillow-like structures
• Color: Typically blackish-green, but can vary depending on the lava composition
• Size: Generally up to one meter in diameter
• Composition: Primarily basaltic, indicating a basic lava composition

2.1. How Do Pillow Basalts Contribute to the Pass’s Appeal?

The pillow basalts add a unique geological dimension to Ma Phuc Pass, making it a fascinating destination for both nature lovers and geology enthusiasts. These formations provide evidence of the area’s ancient past and the powerful forces that shaped the landscape.

2.2. Where Else Can Submarine Volcanoes Be Found Today?

Today, submarine volcanoes are predominantly found near areas of tectonic plate movement, such as mid-ocean ridges. These volcanoes are often located in deep oceans and erupt basic lava. However, some exist in shallower waters and can discharge ash, bombs, and gases into the atmosphere during eruptions.

2.3. What Is the Estimated Number of Submarine Volcanoes Worldwide?

The total number of submarine volcanoes is estimated to be over 1 million, highlighting the prevalence of underwater volcanic activity on our planet.

3. Planning Your Visit: How to Get to Ma Phuc Pass

Reaching Ma Phuc Pass requires some planning, but the journey is well worth the effort. Here’s a guide to help you navigate your way to this stunning destination:

Location: Ma Phuc Pass is located in Cao Xuyen village, Quoc Toan commune, Quang Hoa district, Cao Bang province, Vietnam.

Transportation Options:

• By Car: The most convenient way to reach Ma Phuc Pass is by car. You can rent a car in Hanoi or Cao Bang and drive to the pass. The drive from Hanoi takes approximately 6-8 hours, while the drive from Cao Bang city takes about 1-2 hours. SIXT.VN offers reliable car rental services to make your journey comfortable and convenient.
• By Bus: You can take a bus from Hanoi to Cao Bang city, and then hire a taxi or motorbike to reach Ma Phuc Pass. Buses are a more economical option, but the journey can be longer and less flexible.
• By Motorbike: For adventurous travelers, renting a motorbike is a popular option. The ride offers stunning views of the countryside, but it requires experience and caution due to the mountainous terrain.

Route Recommendations:

• From Hanoi: Take the AH14 highway to Cao Bang city. From there, follow the local roads to Quoc Toan commune and Ma Phuc Pass.
• From Cao Bang City: Follow the DT206 road to Quoc Toan commune. The pass is well-marked and easy to find.

Preparation Tips:

• Check the Weather: Before you go, check the weather forecast. The pass can be dangerous in heavy rain or fog.
• Fuel Up: Ensure your vehicle has enough fuel, as gas stations are limited in the mountainous areas.
• Bring Snacks and Water: Pack snacks and water for the journey, as there are few facilities along the way.
• Wear Comfortable Shoes: If you plan to hike or explore the area, wear comfortable shoes with good traction.
• Hire a Local Guide: Consider hiring a local guide to learn more about the history and geology of the pass.

SIXT.VN Services:

• Airport Transfer: Start your journey stress-free with SIXT.VN’s reliable airport transfer service from Hanoi to Cao Bang.
• Car Rental: Rent a car from SIXT.VN and enjoy the flexibility of exploring Ma Phuc Pass at your own pace.
• Hotel Booking: Find the perfect accommodation in Cao Bang with SIXT.VN’s wide selection of hotels.
• Tour Packages: Let SIXT.VN handle the planning with our expertly crafted tour packages to Ma Phuc Pass and other attractions in Cao Bang.

3.1. What Are the Road Conditions Like?

The road to Ma Phuc Pass is generally well-maintained, but it can be winding and steep in some sections. Exercise caution and drive slowly, especially if you are not used to mountain driving.

3.2. Is There an Entrance Fee for Ma Phuc Pass?

There is no entrance fee for Ma Phuc Pass, making it an accessible and affordable destination for all travelers.

3.3. What Should I Wear When Visiting Ma Phuc Pass?

Wear comfortable clothing and shoes suitable for hiking and outdoor activities. Dress in layers, as the weather can change quickly in the mountains.

4. Experiencing Ma Phuc Pass: What to See and Do

Ma Phuc Pass offers a wealth of activities and attractions for visitors. Here are some of the highlights:

Scenic Drives:

The most popular activity is simply driving along the pass and enjoying the breathtaking views. Stop at various viewpoints to take photos and soak in the scenery.

Hiking and Trekking:

Several trails wind through the mountains around Ma Phuc Pass, offering opportunities for hiking and trekking. These trails provide a closer look at the local flora and fauna, as well as stunning panoramic views.

Photography:

Ma Phuc Pass is a photographer’s paradise, with its dramatic landscapes, unique geological formations, and vibrant local culture. Capture the beauty of the pass at sunrise or sunset for the most stunning shots.

Cultural Immersion:

Visit the nearby villages and interact with the local Nung people to learn about their traditions and way of life. This cultural exchange can be a rewarding and enriching experience.

Geological Exploration:

Examine the pillow basalts up close and learn about the ancient volcanic activity that shaped the region. This is a great opportunity for geology enthusiasts to explore a unique geological site.

Picnics:

Pack a picnic and enjoy a meal amidst the stunning scenery of Ma Phuc Pass. There are several scenic spots where you can relax and enjoy the natural beauty.

4.1. What Is the Best Time of Day to Visit Ma Phuc Pass for Photography?

The best time of day to visit Ma Phuc Pass for photography is during sunrise or sunset. The golden light enhances the beauty of the landscape and creates stunning photo opportunities.

4.2. Are There Any Accommodations Near Ma Phuc Pass?

Yes, there are several guesthouses and homestays in the nearby villages. These accommodations offer a comfortable and authentic experience, allowing you to immerse yourself in the local culture. SIXT.VN can help you find and book the perfect accommodation for your visit.

4.3. What Should I Expect When Interacting with the Local Nung People?

The local Nung people are known for their hospitality and warmth. Be respectful of their traditions and customs, and be prepared to learn about their unique way of life.

5. Nearby Attractions: What Else to Explore in Cao Bang

Cao Bang province is full of natural and cultural attractions, making it a worthwhile destination for extended exploration. Here are some nearby attractions to consider:

Ban Gioc Waterfall:

One of Vietnam’s most stunning waterfalls, Ban Gioc is located on the border with China. The cascading waters and lush surroundings make it a must-see destination.

Nguom Ngao Cave:

This impressive cave system features stunning stalactites and stalagmites, as well as underground streams and pools. It’s a fascinating place to explore the geological wonders of Cao Bang.

Pac Bo Historical Site:

This site is where Ho Chi Minh returned to Vietnam in 1941 after 30 years abroad. It’s a significant historical landmark and a place of pilgrimage for many Vietnamese.

Thang Hen Lake:

This picturesque lake is surrounded by mountains and forests, offering opportunities for boating, hiking, and camping. It’s a great place to relax and enjoy the natural beauty of Cao Bang.

Cao Bang City:

The provincial capital offers a glimpse into local life, with its bustling markets, traditional architecture, and delicious cuisine. It’s a great place to experience the culture of Cao Bang.

Phia Oac – Phia Den National Park:

This national park is known for its rich biodiversity and stunning mountain scenery. It’s a great place for hiking, birdwatching, and exploring the natural wonders of Cao Bang.

5.1. How Far Is Ban Gioc Waterfall from Ma Phuc Pass?

Ban Gioc Waterfall is approximately 90 kilometers (56 miles) from Ma Phuc Pass. The drive takes about 2-3 hours, depending on road conditions.

5.2. Are There Guided Tours Available for These Attractions?

Yes, there are guided tours available for most of these attractions. SIXT.VN offers expertly crafted tour packages that include transportation, accommodation, and guided tours of Cao Bang’s top destinations.

5.3. What Is the Best Way to Combine These Attractions into a Single Trip?

The best way to combine these attractions into a single trip is to plan a multi-day itinerary. Start with Ma Phuc Pass, then visit Ban Gioc Waterfall and Nguom Ngao Cave. From there, explore Pac Bo Historical Site and Thang Hen Lake. Finally, spend some time in Cao Bang City to experience the local culture. SIXT.VN can help you create a customized itinerary that suits your interests and schedule.

6. Travel Tips: Ensuring a Smooth and Enjoyable Trip

Planning a trip to Ma Phuc Pass and Cao Bang requires some preparation. Here are some travel tips to ensure a smooth and enjoyable experience:

Best Time to Visit:

The best time to visit Cao Bang is during the dry season, from October to April. The weather is pleasant, and the roads are in good condition.

Visa Requirements:

Ensure you have the necessary visa to enter Vietnam. Check the visa requirements for your nationality and apply in advance.

Currency:

The local currency is the Vietnamese Dong (VND). It’s a good idea to exchange some money before you arrive, or use ATMs in major cities.

Language:

The official language is Vietnamese. While some people in tourist areas may speak English, it’s helpful to learn a few basic Vietnamese phrases.

Health Precautions:

Consult your doctor about necessary vaccinations and health precautions before traveling to Vietnam.

Cultural Etiquette:

Respect local customs and traditions. Dress modestly when visiting temples and pagodas, and ask for permission before taking photos of people.

Safety:

Be aware of your surroundings and take precautions against petty theft. Avoid walking alone at night in poorly lit areas.

Accommodation:

Book your accommodation in advance, especially during peak season. SIXT.VN offers a wide selection of hotels and guesthouses in Cao Bang.

Transportation:

Arrange your transportation in advance. SIXT.VN offers reliable car rental and airport transfer services.

Local Food:

Try the local cuisine, which is known for its fresh ingredients and unique flavors. Be adventurous and sample some of the local specialties.

6.1. What Are Some Basic Vietnamese Phrases That Are Useful for Travelers?

Here are some basic Vietnamese phrases that can be helpful:

• Hello: Xin chào (Sin Chao)
• Thank you: Cảm ơn (Kam uhn)
• You’re welcome: Không có gì (Khong koh zi)
• Excuse me: Xin lỗi (Sin loy)
• How much?: Bao nhiêu? (Bao nyew?)
• Yes: Dạ (Ya)
• No: Không (Khong)

6.2. How Can I Stay Connected to the Internet While Traveling in Cao Bang?

You can stay connected to the internet by purchasing a local SIM card or using Wi-Fi at hotels and cafes. Local SIM cards are affordable and offer good coverage in most areas.

6.3. What Should I Pack for a Trip to Ma Phuc Pass and Cao Bang?

Here are some essential items to pack:

• Comfortable clothing and shoes
• Rain gear
• Sunscreen and insect repellent
• First-aid kit
• Camera
• Adapters for electronic devices

7. Cultural Insights: Understanding Local Customs and Traditions

Cao Bang is home to several ethnic minority groups, each with its own unique customs and traditions. Understanding these cultural nuances can enhance your travel experience and foster meaningful connections with the local people.

The Nung People:

The Nung people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Cao Bang. They are known for their traditional clothing, distinctive language, and unique customs.

The Tay People:

The Tay people are another significant ethnic group in Cao Bang. They have a rich cultural heritage, including traditional music, dance, and festivals.

Traditional Clothing:

The traditional clothing of the Nung and Tay people is colorful and intricate, often featuring hand-woven fabrics and elaborate embroidery.

Festivals:

Cao Bang is known for its vibrant festivals, which are an important part of local culture. These festivals often involve traditional music, dance, and games.

Customs and Etiquette:

When visiting local villages, it’s important to be respectful of local customs and traditions. Dress modestly, ask for permission before taking photos, and avoid loud or disruptive behavior.

Language:

The Nung and Tay people have their own languages, which are distinct from Vietnamese. Learning a few basic phrases in these languages can be a sign of respect and can help you connect with the local people.

Handicrafts:

The Nung and Tay people are skilled artisans, producing a variety of handicrafts, including textiles, ceramics, and wood carvings. These handicrafts make unique and meaningful souvenirs.

7.1. What Are Some Common Nung and Tay Traditions?

Some common Nung and Tay traditions include:

• Traditional wedding ceremonies
• Funerals with elaborate rituals
• Festivals celebrating the harvest season
• Worship of ancestors and local spirits

7.2. How Can I Show Respect for Local Customs and Traditions?

You can show respect for local customs and traditions by:

• Dressing modestly
• Asking for permission before taking photos
• Avoiding loud or disruptive behavior
• Learning a few basic phrases in the local language
• Participating in local festivals and events

7.3. What Is the Significance of Traditional Clothing in Cao Bang?

Traditional clothing is an important symbol of cultural identity in Cao Bang. It represents the unique heritage and traditions of the Nung and Tay people.

8. Culinary Delights: What to Eat in Cao Bang

Cao Bang offers a diverse culinary scene, with a variety of local specialties that are sure to tantalize your taste buds. Here are some must-try dishes:

Banh Cuon (Steamed Rice Rolls):

A popular breakfast dish, Banh Cuon consists of thin, steamed rice rolls filled with minced pork and mushrooms. It’s typically served with a dipping sauce and fried shallots.

Khau Nhuc (Braised Pork Belly):

A hearty and flavorful dish, Khau Nhuc is made with braised pork belly that is marinated in a variety of spices and then steamed until tender.

Coong Phu (Sticky Rice Cakes):

These sweet and savory sticky rice cakes are a local specialty. They are made with glutinous rice, pork, and beans, and are steamed until soft and chewy.

Trung Kien (Ant Eggs):

A unique and exotic dish, Trung Kien consists of ant eggs that are stir-fried with vegetables and spices. It’s a delicacy that is only available during certain times of the year.

Miến Dong (Glass Noodles):

These translucent glass noodles are a staple in Cao Bang cuisine. They are often served in soups or stir-fries with a variety of meats and vegetables.

Tra Cham (Cham Tea):

A traditional herbal tea, Tra Cham is made with a variety of local herbs and spices. It’s known for its medicinal properties and refreshing flavor.

8.1. Where Can I Find the Best Local Food in Cao Bang?

You can find the best local food in Cao Bang at local markets, street food stalls, and family-run restaurants. Ask the locals for recommendations to discover the hidden gems.

8.2. What Is the Most Popular Dish Among Locals?

Banh Cuon is one of the most popular dishes among locals, especially for breakfast. It’s a light and flavorful dish that is perfect for starting the day.

8.3. Are There Vegetarian Options Available in Cao Bang?

Yes, there are vegetarian options available in Cao Bang. Many restaurants offer vegetarian versions of traditional dishes, using tofu and vegetables as substitutes for meat.

9. Accommodation Options: Where to Stay in Cao Bang

Cao Bang offers a range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference. Here are some of the best places to stay:

Hotels:

Cao Bang City has several hotels that offer comfortable rooms and modern amenities. These hotels are a good option for travelers who prefer a more luxurious experience.

Guesthouses:

Guesthouses are a more affordable option, offering basic rooms and a friendly atmosphere. They are a good choice for budget travelers and backpackers.

Homestays:

Homestays offer a unique cultural experience, allowing you to stay with local families and learn about their way of life. They are a good option for travelers who want to immerse themselves in the local culture.

Resorts:

There are a few resorts located outside of Cao Bang City, offering a peaceful and relaxing retreat. These resorts are a good option for travelers who want to escape the hustle and bustle of the city.

Camping:

Camping is an option for adventurous travelers. There are several campsites located near Ma Phuc Pass and other natural attractions.

SIXT.VN Hotel Booking:

SIXT.VN offers a wide selection of hotels and guesthouses in Cao Bang, making it easy to find the perfect accommodation for your trip.

9.1. What Is the Average Price for Accommodation in Cao Bang?

The average price for accommodation in Cao Bang varies depending on the type of accommodation. Guesthouses typically cost around $10-20 per night, while hotels can range from $30-100 per night.

9.2. How Far in Advance Should I Book My Accommodation?

It’s recommended to book your accommodation in advance, especially during peak season. This will ensure that you get the best selection and prices.

9.3. Are There Any Eco-Friendly Accommodation Options in Cao Bang?

Yes, there are a few eco-friendly accommodation options in Cao Bang. These accommodations are committed to sustainable practices and minimizing their environmental impact.

10. Booking with SIXT.VN: Making Your Trip Easy and Convenient

Planning a trip to Ma Phuc Pass and Cao Bang can be overwhelming, but SIXT.VN is here to make your journey easy and convenient. We offer a range of services to help you plan and book your trip, including:

Airport Transfer:

Start your trip stress-free with SIXT.VN’s reliable airport transfer service. We’ll pick you up from the airport and take you directly to your hotel in Cao Bang.

Car Rental:

Explore Cao Bang at your own pace with SIXT.VN’s car rental service. We offer a wide selection of vehicles to suit your needs and budget.

Hotel Booking:

Find the perfect accommodation in Cao Bang with SIXT.VN’s hotel booking service. We offer a wide selection of hotels and guesthouses to choose from.

Sightseeing Tickets:

Book your sightseeing tickets in advance with SIXT.VN’s ticketing service. This will save you time and hassle when you arrive in Cao Bang.

Flight Booking:

Find the best deals on flights to Cao Bang with SIXT.VN’s flight booking service. We offer a wide selection of flights from major airlines.

Tour Packages:

Let SIXT.VN handle the planning with our expertly crafted tour packages to Ma Phuc Pass and other attractions in Cao Bang.

Customer Support:

SIXT.VN offers 24/7 customer support to assist you with any questions or concerns you may have.

10.1. How Can I Book Services with SIXT.VN?

You can book services with SIXT.VN online at our website, or by contacting our customer support team.

10.2. What Are the Benefits of Booking with SIXT.VN?

The benefits of booking with SIXT.VN include:

• Convenient online booking
• Wide selection of services
• Competitive prices
• Reliable customer support
• Expertly crafted tour packages

10.3. What Payment Methods Are Accepted by SIXT.VN?

SIXT.VN accepts a variety of payment methods, including credit cards, debit cards, and bank transfers.

Unlock the enchanting allure of Ma Phuc Pass and the captivating landscapes of Cao Bang with SIXT.VN. Navigate the beauty and history of Vietnam effortlessly, thanks to our meticulously designed travel solutions. Don’t let planning hurdles hold you back; embrace a seamless journey with our expert assistance.

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Website: SIXT.VN

FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About Ma Phuc Pass

1. What is the story behind the name “Ma Phuc” (kneeling horse)?

   The name “Ma Phuc” comes from an 11th-century legend about Nung Tri Cao, a Nung leader whose horse knelt down in exhaustion at the pass, leading to its name meaning “kneeling horse.”

2. Where is Ma Phuc Pass located?

   Ma Phuc Pass is located in Cao Xuyen village, Quoc Toan commune, Quang Hoa district, Cao Bang province, Vietnam.

3. What are pillow basalts, and why are they significant at Ma Phuc Pass?

   Pillow basalts are rounded lava formations created by underwater volcanic eruptions. Their presence at Ma Phuc Pass indicates that the area was once submerged under the sea, showcasing ancient volcanic activity.

4. How can I get to Ma Phuc Pass?

   You can reach Ma Phuc Pass by car, bus, or motorbike from Hanoi or Cao Bang City. SIXT.VN offers car rental and airport transfer services for convenient travel.

5. What is the best time of year to visit Ma Phuc Pass?

   The best time to visit Cao Bang is during the dry season, from October to April, when the weather is pleasant, and the roads are in good condition.

6. Are there any entrance fees for Ma Phuc Pass?

   No, there is no entrance fee for Ma Phuc Pass, making it an accessible destination for all travelers.

7. What should I wear when visiting Ma Phuc Pass?

   Wear comfortable clothing and shoes suitable for hiking and outdoor activities. Dress in layers, as the weather can change quickly in the mountains.

8. Are there any accommodations near Ma Phuc Pass?

   Yes, there are several guesthouses and homestays in the nearby villages. SIXT.VN can help you find and book the perfect accommodation for your visit.

9. What are some nearby attractions to Ma Phuc Pass?

   Nearby attractions include Ban Gioc Waterfall, Nguom Ngao Cave, Pac Bo Historical Site, and Thang Hen Lake.

10. How can SIXT.VN help me plan my trip to Ma Phuc Pass?

    SIXT.VN offers a range of services to help you plan and book your trip, including airport transfer, car rental, hotel booking, sightseeing tickets, flight booking, and expertly crafted tour packages.