Is Tourism a Service? Unveiling Its True Nature & Benefits

Tourism is indeed a service, playing a vital role in Vietnam’s economy by offering unique travel experiences. At SIXT.VN, we understand that excellent travel services provide unforgettable experiences while showcasing the beautiful destinations of Vietnam. Let’s explore how tourism fits into the service industry, uncovering its myriad benefits and components to help you make the most of your travel plans with valuable travel advice and tourist information.

1. What Exactly Makes Tourism a Service Industry?

Tourism is definitively a service industry because it primarily involves providing intangible experiences and benefits to travelers. Unlike manufacturing or agriculture, tourism doesn’t produce physical goods; instead, it offers experiences, convenience, and memories. The core offering in tourism is the delivery of services that cater to the needs and desires of travelers, whether it’s arranging accommodations, facilitating transportation, or curating tours.

According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), tourism encompasses the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other purposes. This definition highlights that tourism is fundamentally about experiences and activities—services rather than tangible products.

1.1 Key Components of Tourism as a Service

The tourism industry is composed of various interconnected sectors, each providing distinct services:

• Accommodation: Hotels, resorts, guesthouses, and vacation rentals offer lodging services, ensuring travelers have a comfortable place to stay.
• Transportation: Airlines, trains, buses, car rentals, and cruise lines provide transportation services, enabling tourists to reach their destinations and explore different locations. SIXT.VN offers reliable airport transfer and car rental services to make your travel seamless.
• Food and Beverage: Restaurants, cafes, and bars provide culinary services, catering to the diverse tastes of tourists and enhancing their overall experience.
• Entertainment and Recreation: Theme parks, museums, theaters, and sports venues offer entertainment and recreational services, providing leisure activities for tourists.
• Travel Planning: Travel agencies, tour operators, and online travel platforms offer planning and booking services, assisting tourists in organizing their trips. SIXT.VN offers comprehensive tour packages and travel planning services to suit your preferences.
• Tourist Information: Tourist information centers and guides provide information and assistance to tourists, helping them navigate destinations and discover attractions.

1.2 Intangibility of Tourism Services

One of the defining characteristics of tourism as a service is its intangibility. Unlike tangible products, tourism services cannot be seen, touched, or tested before purchase. A hotel room, a guided tour, or a flight are all intangible until they are experienced.

The intangible nature of tourism services presents unique challenges and opportunities for service providers. Since customers cannot evaluate the service beforehand, they rely on trust, reputation, and reviews to make their decisions. Therefore, building a strong brand and ensuring consistent service quality are crucial for success in the tourism industry.

1.3 Perishability of Tourism Services

Tourism services are also characterized by their perishability. An unsold hotel room, an empty seat on a flight, or an unused tour slot represents lost revenue that cannot be recovered. This perishability creates a need for effective demand management and pricing strategies to maximize revenue and occupancy rates.

Tourism providers often use techniques such as dynamic pricing, seasonal promotions, and special packages to attract customers during off-peak seasons and fill capacity. SIXT.VN offers flexible booking options and seasonal deals to help you make the most of your travel budget.

1.4 Heterogeneity of Tourism Services

The heterogeneity of tourism services refers to the variability in quality and experience that can occur. Because tourism services are delivered by people, the quality can vary depending on factors such as the employee’s skills, attitude, and the specific circumstances of the interaction.

To mitigate heterogeneity, tourism providers invest in training and quality control programs. Standardizing processes and providing consistent service are essential for maintaining customer satisfaction and building a loyal customer base. SIXT.VN focuses on providing reliable and consistent services, ensuring a high-quality experience for every traveler.

1.5 Inseparability of Tourism Services

Tourism services are often inseparable, meaning that the production and consumption of the service occur simultaneously. For example, a passenger consumes the flight service as it is being provided by the airline. This inseparability highlights the importance of the interaction between the service provider and the customer.

Effective communication, personalized service, and attention to detail are critical for creating positive experiences. Tourism providers must focus on delivering exceptional customer service at every touchpoint, from booking to post-trip follow-up.

2. What Are the Main Purposes of Tourism?

Tourism serves a variety of purposes, each catering to different needs and interests. Understanding these purposes can help you tailor your travel experiences and appreciate the diverse motivations behind tourism.

• Leisure and Recreation: The primary purpose of tourism for many is leisure and recreation. Travelers seek to relax, unwind, and enjoy their free time in new and exciting environments. This can involve activities such as sightseeing, sunbathing, hiking, and attending cultural events.
• Cultural Exploration: Tourism provides opportunities for cultural exploration and immersion. Travelers can learn about different cultures, traditions, and ways of life by visiting historical sites, museums, and local communities.
• Adventure and Exploration: Adventure tourism caters to travelers seeking thrilling and challenging experiences. This can include activities such as trekking, rock climbing, scuba diving, and wildlife safaris.
• Business and Professional Development: Business tourism involves traveling for work-related purposes, such as attending conferences, meetings, and trade shows. It often combines work with leisure, allowing travelers to explore the destination in their free time.
• Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR): VFR tourism involves traveling to visit friends and relatives in different locations. This type of tourism is often driven by personal connections and the desire to maintain relationships.
• Health and Wellness: Health and wellness tourism focuses on traveling for medical treatment, spa retreats, and wellness programs. Travelers seek to improve their health and well-being through specialized services and treatments.
• Education and Research: Educational tourism involves traveling for educational purposes, such as attending courses, workshops, and seminars. Research tourism involves traveling to conduct research and gather data in different locations.

2.1 Benefits of Tourism

Tourism offers numerous benefits to both travelers and host communities. These benefits can be economic, social, and environmental, contributing to overall well-being and development.

• Economic Benefits: Tourism generates revenue for local businesses, creates jobs, and stimulates economic growth. It can also attract foreign investment and promote infrastructure development.
• Social Benefits: Tourism promotes cultural exchange, fosters understanding and tolerance, and strengthens community bonds. It can also enhance the quality of life for residents by providing access to amenities and services.
• Environmental Benefits: Sustainable tourism practices can protect natural resources, conserve biodiversity, and raise awareness about environmental issues. Eco-tourism initiatives can promote responsible travel and support conservation efforts.

2.2 Challenges of Tourism

Despite its many benefits, tourism can also pose challenges for host communities and the environment. These challenges include:

• Environmental Impact: Over-tourism can lead to environmental degradation, pollution, and depletion of natural resources. It can also disrupt ecosystems and threaten biodiversity.
• Socio-Cultural Impact: Tourism can lead to the commercialization of culture, displacement of local communities, and loss of traditional values. It can also create social inequalities and tensions.
• Economic Leakage: Tourism revenue may not always benefit local communities, as profits can be siphoned off by foreign-owned businesses and multinational corporations.
• Infrastructure Strain: Tourism can put a strain on infrastructure, such as transportation, water supply, and waste management, leading to congestion and resource scarcity.

Addressing these challenges requires sustainable tourism planning and management, involving collaboration between governments, businesses, and local communities.

3. Why Is the Tourism Industry Important?

The tourism industry is of paramount importance due to its significant contributions to economic growth, job creation, cultural exchange, and regional development. It acts as a catalyst for enhancing a nation’s image on the global stage and fostering international relations.

3.1 Economic Contributions

The tourism sector significantly boosts economic activity by generating revenue for local businesses, increasing foreign exchange earnings, and contributing to the gross domestic product (GDP). The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) reports that the global travel and tourism industry contributed $8.9 trillion to the world’s GDP in 2019 before the pandemic, demonstrating its massive economic impact.

Tourism investment supports infrastructure development, including airports, roads, hotels, and recreational facilities, all of which provide significant economic benefits. Moreover, tourism promotes entrepreneurship by encouraging the establishment of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in areas such as hospitality, tour operations, and local crafts.

3.2 Job Creation

The tourism industry is a major employer, providing jobs across a diverse range of sectors, including accommodation, transportation, food service, entertainment, and retail. According to the WTTC, travel and tourism supported 330 million jobs worldwide in 2019, accounting for 10.3% of total global employment.

The industry offers employment opportunities for individuals with varying skill levels, including entry-level positions for young people and skilled positions for experienced professionals. It also supports indirect employment through supply chain activities, such as agriculture, manufacturing, and construction.

3.3 Cultural Exchange and Preservation

Tourism facilitates cultural exchange by bringing people from different backgrounds together, fostering understanding, tolerance, and appreciation of diverse cultures. Travelers can learn about local customs, traditions, and heritage by visiting historical sites, museums, and cultural events.

Tourism also incentivizes the preservation of cultural heritage by generating revenue for the maintenance and restoration of historical sites and monuments. It supports local artisans and craftspeople by creating demand for traditional products and promoting cultural tourism experiences.

3.4 Regional Development

Tourism promotes regional development by dispersing economic activity and investment to rural and remote areas. It can help reduce regional disparities by creating opportunities for employment, entrepreneurship, and infrastructure development in underserved regions.

Tourism supports the development of tourism-related infrastructure and services, such as accommodations, transportation, and recreational facilities, which can improve the quality of life for local residents and attract additional investment.

3.5 Enhancing National Image and International Relations

Tourism contributes to enhancing a nation’s image and reputation on the global stage. Positive travel experiences can create favorable impressions of a country, attracting tourists, investors, and skilled workers.

Tourism also strengthens international relations by fostering people-to-people connections and promoting cultural diplomacy. It provides opportunities for countries to showcase their unique assets, attract international events, and participate in global tourism initiatives.

4. How Does Tourism Benefit Vietnam?

Tourism provides significant benefits to Vietnam, contributing to economic growth, job creation, cultural preservation, and regional development. Vietnam has emerged as a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world with its stunning landscapes, rich history, and vibrant culture.

4.1 Economic Growth

Tourism is a major contributor to Vietnam’s economic growth, generating revenue for local businesses, increasing foreign exchange earnings, and contributing to the country’s GDP. According to the Vietnam National Administration of Tourism (VNAT), tourism accounted for approximately 9.2% of Vietnam’s GDP in 2019.

Tourism investment supports infrastructure development, including airports, roads, hotels, and recreational facilities, which provide significant economic benefits. The government has been actively promoting tourism development through policies and initiatives aimed at attracting foreign investment and improving the tourism infrastructure.

4.2 Job Creation

The tourism industry is a major employer in Vietnam, providing jobs across a diverse range of sectors, including accommodation, transportation, food service, entertainment, and retail. VNAT estimates that tourism directly and indirectly supports millions of jobs in Vietnam, contributing to employment and income generation.

The industry offers employment opportunities for individuals with varying skill levels, including entry-level positions for young people and skilled positions for experienced professionals. It also supports indirect employment through supply chain activities, such as agriculture, manufacturing, and construction.

4.3 Cultural Preservation

Tourism incentivizes the preservation of Vietnam’s rich cultural heritage by generating revenue for the maintenance and restoration of historical sites and monuments. Vietnam is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including Ha Long Bay, Hoi An Ancient Town, and My Son Sanctuary, which attract tourists from around the world.

Tourism supports local artisans and craftspeople by creating demand for traditional products and promoting cultural tourism experiences. The government has been actively promoting cultural tourism as a way to preserve and promote Vietnam’s cultural heritage.

4.4 Regional Development

Tourism promotes regional development by dispersing economic activity and investment to rural and remote areas. It can help reduce regional disparities by creating opportunities for employment, entrepreneurship, and infrastructure development in underserved regions.

Vietnam has been focusing on developing tourism in various regions, including the Mekong Delta, the Central Highlands, and the northern mountainous areas, to promote balanced and sustainable development. The government has been investing in tourism infrastructure and promoting tourism products and services that showcase the unique assets of each region.

4.5 Examples of Tourism’s Impact in Vietnam

• Ha Long Bay: Tourism has transformed Ha Long Bay into a major tourist destination, creating jobs and generating revenue for local communities. The bay’s stunning natural beauty attracts millions of visitors each year.
• Hoi An Ancient Town: Tourism has helped preserve Hoi An’s historic architecture and cultural heritage. The town’s well-preserved buildings and traditional atmosphere make it a popular destination for cultural tourists.
• Sapa: Tourism has brought economic opportunities to the ethnic minority communities in Sapa, allowing them to showcase their unique culture and traditions to visitors.

5. What are the Negative Impacts of Tourism?

While tourism offers numerous benefits, it can also have negative impacts on host communities and the environment. It is important to recognize these negative impacts and take steps to mitigate them through sustainable tourism practices.

5.1 Environmental Impacts

• Pollution: Tourism can contribute to pollution through increased waste generation, air and water pollution from transportation, and noise pollution from tourist activities. Over-tourism can overwhelm local waste management systems and lead to environmental degradation.
• Resource Depletion: Tourism can deplete natural resources, such as water, energy, and land, especially in areas with limited resources. Increased demand for these resources can put a strain on local ecosystems and lead to resource scarcity.
• Habitat Destruction: Tourism development can lead to habitat destruction through the construction of hotels, resorts, and other tourism infrastructure. This can disrupt ecosystems, threaten biodiversity, and displace local wildlife.

5.2 Socio-Cultural Impacts

• Commercialization of Culture: Tourism can lead to the commercialization of culture, where local traditions and customs are commodified and marketed to tourists. This can erode cultural authenticity and lead to the loss of traditional values.
• Displacement of Local Communities: Tourism development can lead to the displacement of local communities, as land is acquired for tourism projects and residents are forced to relocate. This can disrupt social networks, livelihoods, and cultural heritage.
• Increased Crime and Social Problems: Tourism can contribute to increased crime and social problems, such as theft, prostitution, and drug abuse, especially in areas with high levels of tourism.

5.3 Economic Impacts

• Economic Leakage: Tourism revenue may not always benefit local communities, as profits can be siphoned off by foreign-owned businesses and multinational corporations. This can limit the economic benefits of tourism for local residents.
• Dependence on Tourism: Over-reliance on tourism can make local economies vulnerable to fluctuations in tourist arrivals, such as economic downturns, natural disasters, or political instability.
• Increased Prices: Tourism can lead to increased prices for goods and services, making it more expensive for local residents to live in tourist destinations.

5.4 Examples of Negative Impacts

• Venice, Italy: Over-tourism has led to overcrowding, environmental degradation, and displacement of local residents.
• Maya Bay, Thailand: Environmental damage from over-tourism forced the closure of Maya Bay, made famous by the movie “The Beach,” to allow for ecosystem recovery.
• Mount Everest, Nepal: Litter and waste from climbers have created a significant environmental problem on Mount Everest, threatening the mountain’s fragile ecosystem.

Addressing these negative impacts requires sustainable tourism planning and management, involving collaboration between governments, businesses, and local communities.

6. How to Travel Sustainably?

Sustainable travel involves making choices that minimize negative impacts on the environment and local communities while maximizing the positive contributions of tourism. Here are some tips for traveling sustainably:

6.1 Choose Eco-Friendly Accommodation

• Look for certifications: Choose hotels and accommodations that have eco-friendly certifications, such as LEED, Green Globe, or EarthCheck.
• Conserve resources: Conserve water and energy by turning off lights and appliances when not in use, reusing towels and linens, and taking shorter showers.
• Support local businesses: Stay in locally owned guesthouses and accommodations to support the local economy.

6.2 Reduce Your Carbon Footprint

• Fly less: Consider traveling by train, bus, or car instead of flying to reduce your carbon emissions.
• Offset your carbon emissions: If you must fly, offset your carbon emissions by donating to carbon offset programs that support renewable energy projects.
• Use public transportation: Use public transportation, such as buses, trains, and trams, to get around your destination.

6.3 Respect Local Culture and Traditions

• Learn about local customs: Learn about local customs and traditions before you travel to avoid unintentionally offending or disrespecting local people.
• Dress modestly: Dress modestly when visiting religious sites or conservative areas to show respect for local customs.
• Support local artisans: Buy souvenirs and crafts from local artisans to support the local economy and preserve traditional skills.

6.4 Minimize Waste and Pollution

• Bring your own reusable items: Bring your own reusable water bottle, coffee cup, shopping bags, and utensils to reduce waste.
• Dispose of waste properly: Dispose of waste in designated bins and avoid littering.
• Use eco-friendly products: Use eco-friendly toiletries and cleaning products to reduce pollution.

6.5 Support Sustainable Tourism Businesses

• Choose responsible tour operators: Choose tour operators that are committed to sustainable tourism practices, such as eco-tourism and community-based tourism.
• Eat at local restaurants: Eat at local restaurants that use locally sourced ingredients to support the local economy and reduce food miles.
• Visit protected areas responsibly: Visit national parks and other protected areas responsibly by following park rules and guidelines.

6.6 Examples of Sustainable Travel Practices

• Eco-tourism: Eco-tourism involves traveling to natural areas responsibly, minimizing environmental impact, and benefiting local communities.
• Community-Based Tourism: Community-based tourism involves traveling to local communities and supporting local businesses, culture, and environment.
• Voluntourism: Voluntourism involves traveling to volunteer for a cause, such as environmental conservation, community development, or humanitarian aid.

7. How Can SIXT.VN Enhance Your Travel Experience in Vietnam?

SIXT.VN offers a range of services designed to enhance your travel experience in Vietnam, from airport transfers to hotel bookings and tour packages. We are committed to providing convenient, reliable, and high-quality services to make your trip to Vietnam unforgettable.

7.1 Airport Transfers

SIXT.VN provides seamless and reliable airport transfer services to and from major airports in Vietnam, including Noi Bai International Airport in Hanoi and Tan Son Nhat International Airport in Ho Chi Minh City. Our professional drivers will meet you at the airport and transport you to your hotel or other destination in comfort and safety.

7.2 Hotel Bookings

SIXT.VN offers a wide selection of hotels and accommodations in Vietnam, ranging from budget-friendly guesthouses to luxury resorts. We partner with top hotels and accommodations to provide you with the best prices and selection. Our user-friendly website and mobile app make it easy to find and book the perfect hotel for your needs.

7.3 Tour Packages

SIXT.VN offers a variety of tour packages that showcase the best of Vietnam, from cultural tours of Hanoi and Hoi An to adventure tours of Ha Long Bay and Sapa. Our tour packages are designed to provide you with unique and authentic experiences, with expert guides and comfortable transportation.

7.4 Customized Travel Planning

SIXT.VN can help you customize your travel plans to suit your interests and preferences. Our travel experts can provide you with personalized recommendations for destinations, activities, and accommodations. We can also help you with visa arrangements, travel insurance, and other travel-related services.

7.5 Benefits of Using SIXT.VN

• Convenience: SIXT.VN offers a one-stop shop for all your travel needs, making it easy to plan and book your trip to Vietnam.
• Reliability: SIXT.VN partners with trusted and reputable service providers to ensure that you receive high-quality services.
• Competitive Prices: SIXT.VN offers competitive prices on airport transfers, hotel bookings, and tour packages.
• Expert Advice: SIXT.VN’s travel experts can provide you with personalized recommendations and assistance to help you plan the perfect trip to Vietnam.
• Customer Support: SIXT.VN provides 24/7 customer support to assist you with any questions or concerns.

7.6 Contact Information

For more information about SIXT.VN’s services, please contact us:

• Address: 260 Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
• Hotline/Whatsapp: +84 986 244 358
• Website: SIXT.VN

8. What Are the Trends in the Tourism Industry?

The tourism industry is constantly evolving, driven by changes in technology, consumer preferences, and global events. Here are some of the key trends shaping the tourism industry:

8.1 Sustainable Tourism

Sustainable tourism is becoming increasingly important as travelers become more aware of the environmental and social impacts of their travel. Travelers are seeking out eco-friendly accommodations, responsible tour operators, and experiences that benefit local communities.

8.2 Experiential Travel

Experiential travel is focused on creating unique and authentic experiences that go beyond traditional sightseeing. Travelers are seeking out activities that allow them to immerse themselves in local culture, learn new skills, and connect with local people.

8.3 Technology and Digitalization

Technology and digitalization are transforming the tourism industry, making it easier for travelers to plan, book, and experience their trips. Online travel agencies, mobile apps, and social media are playing an increasingly important role in the tourism ecosystem.

8.4 Personalized Travel

Personalized travel is focused on tailoring travel experiences to individual preferences and needs. Travelers are seeking out customized itineraries, personalized recommendations, and services that cater to their specific interests.

8.5 Health and Wellness Tourism

Health and wellness tourism is growing in popularity as travelers seek to improve their health and well-being through travel. This includes activities such as spa retreats, yoga retreats, and medical tourism.

8.6 Examples of Emerging Trends

• Staycations: Staycations involve taking vacations close to home, reducing travel costs and environmental impact.
• Bleisure Travel: Bleisure travel combines business travel with leisure activities, allowing travelers to explore their destination in their free time.
• Remote Work and Travel: Remote work and travel is becoming increasingly popular as more people have the flexibility to work from anywhere.

9. How to Plan a Trip to Vietnam with SIXT.VN?

Planning a trip to Vietnam with SIXT.VN is easy and convenient. Here are the steps to follow:

9.1 Step 1: Define Your Travel Goals

• Determine your travel dates and duration.
• Identify your interests and preferences (e.g., cultural tours, adventure tours, beach vacations).
• Set your budget.

9.2 Step 2: Choose Your Destinations

• Research popular destinations in Vietnam, such as Hanoi, Ha Long Bay, Hoi An, and Ho Chi Minh City.
• Consider your interests and preferences when choosing your destinations.
• Check the weather conditions and travel advisories for your chosen destinations.

9.3 Step 3: Book Your Flights and Accommodations

• Use SIXT.VN to book your flights and accommodations.
• Compare prices and options to find the best deals.
• Consider booking your flights and accommodations in advance to secure the best rates.

9.4 Step 4: Plan Your Itinerary

• Research activities and attractions in your chosen destinations.
• Create a detailed itinerary that includes your planned activities, transportation, and accommodations.
• Consider booking tours and activities in advance to avoid disappointment.

9.5 Step 5: Prepare for Your Trip

• Obtain any necessary visas and travel documents.
• Pack appropriate clothing and gear for your chosen activities and destinations.
• Learn some basic Vietnamese phrases.
• Inform your bank and credit card companies of your travel plans.
• Purchase travel insurance to protect yourself against unexpected events.

9.6 Step 6: Enjoy Your Trip!

• Relax and enjoy your trip to Vietnam!
• Be open to new experiences and cultures.
• Respect local customs and traditions.
• Take lots of photos and create lasting memories.

9.7 Benefits of Planning with SIXT.VN

• Convenience: SIXT.VN offers a one-stop shop for all your travel needs.
• Reliability: SIXT.VN partners with trusted and reputable service providers.
• Competitive Prices: SIXT.VN offers competitive prices on flights, accommodations, and tours.
• Expert Advice: SIXT.VN’s travel experts can provide you with personalized recommendations and assistance.
• Customer Support: SIXT.VN provides 24/7 customer support.

10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Tourism as a Service

Here are some frequently asked questions about tourism as a service:

10.1 Is Tourism Considered a Service?

Yes, tourism is considered a service industry as it primarily provides intangible experiences and benefits to travelers rather than physical goods.

10.2 What Are the Key Characteristics of Tourism as a Service?

The key characteristics of tourism as a service include intangibility, perishability, heterogeneity, and inseparability.

10.3 What Are the Main Components of the Tourism Industry?

The main components of the tourism industry include accommodation, transportation, food and beverage, entertainment, travel planning, and tourist information.

10.4 What Are the Benefits of Tourism?

The benefits of tourism include economic growth, job creation, cultural exchange, regional development, and enhanced national image.

10.5 What Are the Negative Impacts of Tourism?

The negative impacts of tourism include environmental degradation, socio-cultural disruption, economic leakage, and infrastructure strain.

10.6 How Can Tourism Be More Sustainable?

Tourism can be more sustainable by adopting eco-friendly practices, supporting local communities, minimizing waste and pollution, and respecting local culture and traditions.

10.7 What Are the Trends Shaping the Tourism Industry?

The trends shaping the tourism industry include sustainable tourism, experiential travel, technology and digitalization, personalized travel, and health and wellness tourism.

10.8 How Can SIXT.VN Enhance My Travel Experience in Vietnam?

SIXT.VN offers a range of services to enhance your travel experience in Vietnam, including airport transfers, hotel bookings, tour packages, and customized travel planning.

10.9 How Do I Plan a Trip to Vietnam with SIXT.VN?

To plan a trip to Vietnam with SIXT.VN, define your travel goals, choose your destinations, book your flights and accommodations, plan your itinerary, prepare for your trip, and enjoy your trip.

10.10 What Are Some Popular Tourist Destinations in Vietnam?

Some popular tourist destinations in Vietnam include Hanoi, Ha Long Bay, Hoi An, and Ho Chi Minh City.

By understanding these key aspects of tourism as a service, you can make more informed travel decisions and contribute to a more sustainable and responsible tourism industry.